Mark anthony gushing



M. A.CUSH|NG.

Hot Air Furnace.

Patented July 6, 1869.

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.Letters Patent N 92,282, dated July 6, 186 9.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MARK ANTHONY Ousmxe, of Aurora, Kane county, Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces and apparatus for heating-purposes; and Lhereby declare that the following is a full and exactmlescription -of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 represents a view of the said improvement, applied to a heating-furnace for warming houses, with the front wall of the enclosed chamber removed, to show the internal arrangement. A represents the furnace proper, in which the fuel is placedfor combustion. The lower part of said furnace is composed of cast-iron rings, forming the part in which is placed the fire-pot, underneath which is an ordinary fire or coal-grate. At the bottom, the door e opens into the ash-pit. f is a damper, by the opening or closing of which air is admitted or excluded from the grate at the bottom of the fire-pot. The upper portion of the furnace is composed of a sheet-iron drum, in which is the feed-door (Z, just above the surface of the fire-pot, opening into the combustion-chamber formed by the sheet-iron drum. 0 c is an opening ortube connecting the outer atmosphere with the combustion-chalnber,

the object of which is to throw air upon the surface of the. burning fuel, to supply oxygen for t re more perfect combustion of the fuel. 7 G is a water-tank placed upon the top of the furnace, connected, by-means of the pipe I, with a water-tank, G, on .the outside. D D D is a hot-air chamber, su'rroumiingthe furnace A and the receiving-chamber B. 13 represents a chamber to, receive the products of combustion passing from the furnace through the connecting-pipe or fine G. The connecting-fine 0 takes ihe heated products of combustion directly from the combustion-chamber, and conducts them, in their highlyheated condition, into the chamber enclosed by the drum B, for the pur pose 'of heating said drum, and thereby the surrounding atmosphere. 0 0' is a pipe for discharging the products of combustion from said receiving-chamber, after they have parted with a large portion of their caloric, otherwise called 'the smoke-pipe. The pipe 0 O is constructed in at least two sections, as seen at O, for the purpose of making an adjustable fine, by

raising or lowering the lower end of the said O O. E represents a flue by which heated air is conducted from the hot-air chamber D D D to a room above for' hot-air chamber, and receiving-chamber; also, the

openings at the bottom of wall, marked a a a a, for the introduction of air 'into such space, to be heated by the furnace, also, showing the hot-air flue E and the smoke-flue O.

In fig. 1, h h It show a rod, connecting with the through the connecting-pipe 0 into the receiving-- chamber within the drum B. These heated products fill the upper part of the receiving-chamberwithin the drum, compelling the colder air at the bottom of the chamber to escape through the openings in the lower end of the flue or pipe U, through said pipe 0', into the chimney. By heating the upper part of the chamber within the drum, that portion of the escape-pipe G situated in such upper portion of the chamber, becomes heated also, causing the air within the escapepipe to ascend, thereby creating a draught upsaid pipe, which takes up and carries off the colder air in the bottom of the receiving-chamber.

\Vhen the fire is first kindled in the furnace, that portion of the escape-pipe seen below G", in fi 1, is

raised up by passing within the pipe 0', in order to bring the escape-fine nearer to the pipe 0, connecting the furnace A with the receiving-chamber within the drum B, thereby giving. less revertibility to the draught.

The part of the escape-pipe O which passes within the escape-pipe C, may be extended by construction, if desired, so high as to cause a direct draught from the connecting-pipe O to the mouth of the escape pipe O", or the current maybe made more or less revertible by the depression or elevation of the mouth of the escape-pipe O". v v

. -When the furnace is in full operation, the escapepipe 0 may be dropped down to the bottom of the drum-chamber B, which may be below the bottom of the furnace, as shown in fig. 1. In such cases, there must be small openings in the bottom of the escapepipe 0, as shown in the-figure. By actual experiment, I have found that three or four one-inch holes through the bottom of the pipe 0 are sufficient-to convey away the gases escaping when the furnace is in full blast.

The advantage of taking up the escaping products of combustion from the extreme bottom of the-drumwhich is conveyed by any suitable means to the chamber B, is that the heat is mostly extracted therefrom before they enter the mouth of the escape-pipe, and, in passingout, they carry ofif the least possible amount of caloric; consequently, near] all the caloric is utilized for-heating-purposes.

This advantage is increased by causing the drumchambPr B to extend smnedistancc below the bottom of the furnace, upon the principle that the hot air is to be found in the top, and the cold air in the bottom of the receiving-chamber.

When the furnace is in full blast, it is better to close the dampe s, admitting air underneath the grate, and to admit air directly to the surface of the solid burning fuel, by any suitable means equivalent to that represented in li 1, by pipe 6 c.

The heat of the furnace proper, and also the heatof the escaping products of combustion by heating the drum B, heat the air within the chamber D D D,

apartments to'be heated.

The chamber D D D is supplied with air to be heated, through openings in the bottom of the enclosing wall, as seen at a a a a a, in figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.

Having, tb us fully described my said invention and improvement, I will proceedl to set forth my claims.

1. I claim the furnace A, in combination with a chamber for receiving the heated products ot' comhustion, having within it an escape-pipe, with an adjustable mouth or escape-opening, substantially in. the manner and for the purpose above described.

2. I claim a chamber for receiving the products of combustion, separate from the combustion-chamber, baring within itself an escape-pipe for the products of combustion, with anadjustable mouth or escape-opening, which maybe elevated or depressed, substantially in the manner and for the purpose above described.

3. I claim an adjustable escape-pipe for passing off the products of combustion, by means of which the escape-draught may be made direct or revertible at the pleasure of the operator.

\Vitnesses: MARK ANTHONY BUSHING.

DANIEL KnTcnuM, J OEL TIFFANY. 

